springMVC初体验

主要包含了:

springMVC第一个控制器
springMVC与Mybatis整合时一些常用的配置文件
- web.xml
- spring的beans配置文件
- springMVC的配置文件
- Mybatis配置文件
- log4j的配置文件
替代@Response的工具类
用@service和@Resource定义bean和使用bean

一、springMVC第一个控制器

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee 
    http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
    id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">

    <display-name>springMVC3</display-name>
    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>/WEB-INF/HelloWorld-servlet.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>HelloWorld</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>/WEB-INF/HelloWorld-servlet.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>HelloWorld</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

HelloWorld-servlet.xml

这个创建很重要，用myeclipse创建，创建spring Bean的xml文件，选择desired XSD namespace declarations：beans、context、mvc。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd">
    <mvc:annotation-driven />
    <context:component-scan base-package="info.baitian.web.controller" />
    <bean
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>


</beans>

HelloWorld.java

package info.baitian.web.controller;


import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;


@Controller
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public class HelloWorldController{ 
    @RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.GET)
   public String printHello(ModelMap model) {
      model.addAttribute("message", "Hello Spring MVC Framework!");
      return "hello";
   }
}

hello.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Hello World</title>
</head>
<body>
   <h2>${message}</h2>
</body>
</html>

二、springMVC与Mybatis整合时一些常用的配置文件

主要介绍的配置文件有：

web.xml
spring的beans配置文件
springMVC的配置文件
Mybatis配置文件
log4j的配置文件

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
	id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
	<display-name>MyBatisPro05</display-name>
	<welcome-file-list>
		<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
	</welcome-file-list>

	<!-- Spring配置文件 -->
	<context-param>
		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
		<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
	</context-param>
	<!-- 编码过滤器 -->
	<filter>
		<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
		<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
		<async-supported>true</async-supported>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>encoding</param-name>
			<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
		</init-param>
	</filter>
	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>
	<!-- Spring监听器 -->
	<listener>
		<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
	</listener>

	<!-- 添加对springmvc的支持 -->
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
		<async-supported>true</async-supported>
	</servlet>
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

spring配置文件applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>    
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"   
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"  
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"   
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
    xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"  
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"  
    xsi:schemaLocation="    
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd  
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd  
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd  
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-4.0.xsd  
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd">    
        
	<!-- 自动扫描 -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.java1234.dao" />
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.java1234.service" />
	
	<!-- 配置数据源 -->
	<bean id="dataSource"
		class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
		<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
		<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db_mybatis"/>
		<property name="username" value="root"/>
		<property name="password" value="123456"/>
	</bean>

	<!-- 配置mybatis的sqlSessionFactory -->
	<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
		<!-- 自动扫描mappers.xml文件 -->
		<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/java1234/mappers/*.xml"></property>
		<!-- mybatis配置文件 -->
		<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"></property>
	</bean>

	<!-- DAO接口所在包名，Spring会自动查找其下的类 -->
	<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
		<property name="basePackage" value="com.java1234.dao" />
		<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"></property>
	</bean>

	<!-- (事务管理)transaction manager, use JtaTransactionManager for global tx -->
	<bean id="transactionManager"
		class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
	</bean>
	
	<!-- 配置事务通知属性 -->  
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">  
        <!-- 定义事务传播属性 -->  
        <tx:attributes>  
            <tx:method name="insert*" propagation="REQUIRED" />  
            <tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED" />  
            <tx:method name="edit*" propagation="REQUIRED" />  
            <tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED" />  
            <tx:method name="add*" propagation="REQUIRED" />  
            <tx:method name="new*" propagation="REQUIRED" />  
            <tx:method name="set*" propagation="REQUIRED" />  
            <tx:method name="remove*" propagation="REQUIRED" />  
            <tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED" />  
            <tx:method name="change*" propagation="REQUIRED" />  
            <tx:method name="get*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true" />  
            <tx:method name="find*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true" />  
            <tx:method name="load*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true" />  
            <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true" />  
        </tx:attributes>  
    </tx:advice>  
  
    <!-- 配置事务切面 -->  
    <aop:config>  
        <aop:pointcut id="serviceOperation"  
            expression="execution(* com.java1234.service.*.*(..))" />  
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="serviceOperation" />  
    </aop:config>  

</beans>

sringMVC配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>    
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"   
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"  
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"   
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
    xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"  
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"  
    xsi:schemaLocation="    
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd  
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd  
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd  
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-4.0.xsd  
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd">    

	<!-- 使用注解的包，包括子集 -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.java1234.controller" />

	<!-- 视图解析器 -->
	<bean id="viewResolver"
		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<property name="prefix" value="/" />
		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
	</bean>

</beans>

mybatis的配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
	<!-- 别名 -->
	<typeAliases>
		<package name="com.java1234.entity"/>
	</typeAliases>
</configuration>

log4j配置文件

log4j.rootLogger=info,appender1,appender2

log4j.appender.appender1=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender 

log4j.appender.appender2=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender 
log4j.appender.appender2.File=C:/logFile.txt
 
log4j.appender.appender1.layout=org.apache.log4j.TTCCLayout
log4j.appender.appender2.layout=org.apache.log4j.TTCCLayout

三、替代@Response的工具类

因为使用@Response会出现中文乱码的情况，所以可以用一个工具类：


import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class ResponseUtil {
	public static void write(HttpServletResponse response, Object obj)throws Exception{
		response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
		PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
		out.println(obj.toString());
		out.flush();
		out.close();
	}
}

四、用@service和@Resource定义bean和使用bean

在service层定义一个service类，用注释@Service；在利用这个bean的时候用@Resource表示：

举例如下：

在service层定义这个bean

package com.chenbuer.service.impl;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import com.chenbuer.service.UserService;

/**
 * UserService的实现类
 */
@Service("userService")
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

}

在controller层使用这个bean

package com.chenbuer.controller;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import com.chenbuer.service.UserService;

/**
 * 用户controller层
 */
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {

	@Resource
	private UserService userService;
}